Praising one’s cultural heritage can be considered chauvinistic, especially if seen in contrast with other cultural backgrounds. Nevertheless, the examination of cultural backgrounds can be a legitimate task and may help to illustrate developments related to humanist values. An important contribution to humanist values has been mainstream Western Civilization science. The purpose of this paper is to examine, by way of a broad sketch, the historical development of science as related to humanist values in Western Civilization, including some comparisons with other civilizations.